ISO 12945 Determination of Shrinkage in Woven and Knitted Fabrics

ISO 12945 Determination of Shrinkage in Woven and Knitted Fabrics Laboratory Testing Service: A Comprehensive Guide

The determination of shrinkage in woven and knitted fabrics is a critical aspect of textile testing, as it directly affects the performance, quality, and safety of fabric products. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has published several standards related to this topic, including ISO 12945. This article provides an overview of the relevant standards, their scope, and application.

ISO 12945:2015

The ISO 12945 standard is a widely accepted international standard that outlines the methodology for determining shrinkage in woven and knitted fabrics. The standard applies to all types of textile materials, including cotton, polyester, nylon, wool, and blends. It provides a comprehensive framework for testing fabric shrinkage under various conditions, including dry heat, steam, and water.

ASTM D1059-2018

The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) has published a similar standard, ASTM D1059-2018, which is applicable to woven fabrics only. While ISO 12945 covers both woven and knitted fabrics, ASTM D1059 focuses specifically on woven fabrics.

EN 24591:2015

The European Committee for Standardization (CEN) has published EN 24591:2015, which outlines the methodology for determining shrinkage in woven and knitted fabrics. This standard is harmonized with ISO 12945 and provides identical test methods for determining fabric shrinkage.

TSE 1340:2017

The Turkish Standards Institution (TSE) has published TSE 1340:2017, which is a national standard that outlines the methodology for determining shrinkage in woven and knitted fabrics. While this standard is based on ISO 12945, it includes additional requirements specific to Turkish textile products.

Standard Development Organizations

The development of standards like ISO 12945 involves a collaborative effort between international organizations, including:

1. International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

2. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

3. European Committee for Standardization (CEN)

4. Turkish Standards Institution (TSE)

These organizations work together to ensure that standards are consistent, harmonized, and relevant to industry needs.

Evolution of Standards

Standards evolve over time as new technologies emerge, and industry needs change. ISO 12945 has undergone several revisions since its initial publication in 1996. The most recent version, ISO 12945:2015, includes updated test methods and annexes that reflect the latest research and development in textile testing.

Industry-Specific Standards

While ISO 12945 is a widely accepted standard for determining fabric shrinkage, industry-specific standards may apply to certain sectors, such as:

1. Fashion and apparel

2. Home textiles

3. Industrial textiles (e.g., technical textiles)

4. Textile products for medical applications

Compliance Requirements

Manufacturers must comply with relevant industry-specific standards and regulations when producing fabric products. Compliance with ISO 12945 is essential for ensuring the quality, safety, and performance of fabrics.

Standard-Related Information Summary

Standard Scope Application

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ISO 12945:2015 Woven and knitted fabrics Worldwide application

ASTM D1059-2018 Woven fabrics only US market

EN 24591:2015 Woven and knitted fabrics European market (harmonized with ISO 12945)

TSE 1340:2017 Woven and knitted fabrics Turkish textile products

The determination of fabric shrinkage is essential for various industries, including fashion, home textiles, and industrial textiles. This section explains the business and technical reasons for conducting ISO 12945 testing.

Why Perform this Test?

1. Quality Control: Fabric shrinkage affects fabric quality, which in turn impacts product performance, appearance, and safety.

2. Product Safety: Shrinkage can lead to reduced fabric dimensions, compromising product safety features (e.g., seam strength).

3. Compliance: Compliance with industry-specific standards and regulations is essential for ensuring the quality and safety of fabrics.

4. Competitive Advantage: Fabric products that meet or exceed shrinkage requirements can gain a competitive edge in the market.

Industries and Sectors

1. Fashion and Apparel

2. Home Textiles (e.g., bedding, towels)

3. Industrial Textiles (e.g., technical textiles for medical applications)

Risk Factors and Safety Implications

1. Fabric Dimension Changes: Shrinkage can cause fabric dimensions to change, affecting product fit, comfort, and safety.

2. Seam Strength Reduction: Shrinkage can compromise seam strength, leading to reduced product durability.

Standard Requirements Summary

Industry Standard Requirement

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Fashion and Apparel Compliance with ISO 12945 (shrinkage requirements)

Home Textiles Compliance with EN 24591 (shrinkage requirements)

Industrial Textiles Compliance with TSE 1340 (shrinkage requirements)

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