EUROLAB
aoac-99131-testing-for-total-aflatoxins-in-peanuts-and-corn
Mycotoxin Testing AOAC 2000.02 Patulin Testing in Apple PureeAOAC 2000.03 Determination of Patulin in Apple JuiceAOAC 2000.05 Patulin Detection in Fermented BeveragesAOAC 2003.01 Testing for Deoxynivalenol in Corn-Based ProductsAOAC 2003.02 Measurement of Deoxynivalenol in Wheat FlourAOAC 2003.03 Quantitative Analysis of Mycotoxins in Animal FeedAOAC 2005.06 Determination of Fumonisins by Immunoaffinity and LCAOAC 2005.07 Quantification of Aflatoxins in Tree NutsAOAC 2005.08 Determination of Zearalenone in Animal FeedAOAC 2005.09 Determination of Zearalenone in MaizeAOAC 2007.01 Quantitative Determination of Zearalenone in CornAOAC 2008.01 Fumonisin Testing in Corn GritsAOAC 2008.02 Detection of Fumonisins in Corn Using HPLC-FLDAOAC 2008.02 Quantification of Fumonisin B1 and B2 in MaizeAOAC 2008.03 Multi-Residue Detection of Mycotoxins in Animal FeedAOAC 986.16 Testing of Total Aflatoxins in Corn Using FluorometryAOAC 991.31 Aflatoxin Screening in Feed IngredientsAOAC 991.31 Determination of Aflatoxin B1 in Peanut ButterAOAC 994.08 Screening of Aflatoxins by TLCAOAC 994.09 Detection of Aflatoxins in AlmondsAOAC 998.03 Screening for Aflatoxins in Maize Using Test KitsAOAC 999.07 Detection of Aflatoxin B1 in RiceCEN/TR 16059 General Protocol for Mycotoxin Testing in Food ChainsEN 14123 Determination of Ochratoxin A in Wine by Immunoaffinity ColumnEN 15289 Determination of Ochratoxin A in Cocoa by LCEN 15662 Multimycotoxin Detection in Fruits and Vegetables Using LC-MSEN 15788 Determination of Deoxynivalenol in Baby FoodEN 15792 Detection of Mycotoxins in Tomato PureeEN 15891 Determination of Trichothecenes in Food Using LC-MSEN 15891 HT-2/T-2 Detection in Baby FoodsEN 15891 Measurement of HT-2 and T-2 Toxins in CerealsEN 15891 T-2 and HT-2 Toxin Detection in OatsEN 16571 Testing of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk Products by ELISAEN 16619 Detection of Mycotoxins in Edible OilsEN 17193 Determination of Aflatoxicol in Milk and DairyEN 17194 Determination of Citrinin in Red Yeast Rice Food SupplementsEN 17200 Determination of Mycotoxins in SpicesEN 17201 Determination of Alternaria Toxins in Tomato ProductsEN 17250 Determination of Ergot Alkaloids in Feed by LC-MSEN 17299 Testing of Modified Mycotoxins in Animal FeedEN 17461 Determination of Fusarenon-X in Cereals by LC-MSEN 17462 Rapid Testing of Citrinin in Red Fermented ProductsEN 17463 Screening of Ergot Alkaloids in GrainEN 17521 Mycotoxin Profiling in Complex Matrices Using LC-MS/MSEU 2006/401/EC Mycotoxin Control in Import CommoditiesEU Regulation 1881/2006 Compliance Testing for Mycotoxin Levels in FoodFAO Recommended Methods for Mycotoxin Sampling and DetectionFDA BAM Chapter 19 Mycotoxins Analysis ProtocolsFDA BAM Mycotoxin Analytical Methods for Regulatory MonitoringFDA CFR 21 Part 556 Testing for Mycotoxin Tolerances in Animal FeedISO 14501 Determination of Patulin in Fruit Juices by HPLCISO 15141 Determination of Deoxynivalenol in Cereals by GC-MSISO 16050 Determination of Aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2 in CerealsISO 16050 Determination of Aflatoxins in Foodstuffs Using HPLCISO 16050 Testing for Aflatoxins in Herbs and SpicesISO 17375 Determination of Ochratoxin A in Roasted Coffee by HPLCISO 18787 Guidelines for Mycotoxin Sampling in GrainsISO 18856 Determination of Ochratoxin A in Foodstuffs by LC-MS/MSISO 21527 Mold Enumeration for Mycotoxin-Prone FoodsISO 21527-1 Enumeration of Yeasts and Molds for Spoilage RiskISO 24276 Guidelines for Validation of Mycotoxin Detection MethodsISO 24276 Method Validation for Zearalenone DetectionJECFA Limits-Based Mycotoxin Testing in Dried FruitsJECFA Maximum Levels of Mycotoxins in Cereal GrainsJECFA Toxicity Testing for Aflatoxin M1 in Milk

AOAC 991.31 Testing for Total Aflatoxins in Peanuts and Corn: Eurolabs Laboratory Testing Service

The AOAC 991.31 testing method is a widely recognized and adopted standard for determining total aflatoxin levels in peanuts and corn. This method is designed to ensure the safety and quality of these commodities, which are staple food sources globally.

International Standards

  • ISO/TS 221:2017: This international standard specifies requirements for the measurement of mycotoxins, including aflatoxins, in foodstuffs.

  • ASTM E2549-16: This ASTM standard outlines procedures for determining aflatoxin levels in corn and peanuts.

  • EN 16560:2014: This European standard provides guidelines for measuring aflatoxin B1 in peanut kernels.

    • National Standards

  • US FDA 21 CFR Part 109: The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates the use of aflatoxins as food additives and sets permissible levels for these substances.

  • EU Regulations No. 178/2002: The European Union has implemented regulations to ensure the safety of foodstuffs, including provisions for controlling mycotoxin levels.

    • Standard Development Organizations

    The International Organization for Standardization (ISO), American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), and the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) are prominent standard development organizations that create and maintain standards related to aflatoxin testing.

    Evolution of Standards

    Standards evolve over time as new scientific evidence emerges, and testing methods improve. For instance, the AOAC 991.31 method has undergone revisions to enhance sensitivity and accuracy.

    Standard Compliance Requirements

    Compliance with international and national standards is essential for industries involved in peanut and corn production, processing, and trade. These standards ensure that aflatoxin levels meet regulatory requirements and public health expectations.

    Standard-Related Information Table

    Standard Title Reference

    --- --- ---

    ISO/TS 221:2017 Measurement of mycotoxins in foodstuffs International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

    ASTM E2549-16 Determination of aflatoxin levels in corn and peanuts American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

    EN 16560:2014 Measurement of aflatoxin B1 in peanut kernels European Committee for Standardization (CEN)

    US FDA 21 CFR Part 109 Regulations on food additives, including aflatoxins United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA)

    EU Regulations No. 178/2002 Safety of foodstuffs, including mycotoxin control European Union

    The AOAC 991.31 testing method is essential for industries involved in peanut and corn production, processing, and trade. This test provides critical information on aflatoxin levels, ensuring compliance with regulatory requirements and public health expectations.

    Business and Technical Reasons

  • Compliance with international and national standards

  • Public health protection

  • Industry competitiveness

  • Regulatory compliance

    • Consequences of Not Performing this Test

  • Non-compliance with regulations

  • Potential harm to consumers

  • Economic losses due to rejected products or damaged reputation

  • Decreased industry competitiveness

    • Industries and Sectors Requiring this Testing

  • Food processing and manufacturing

  • Grain trading and storage

  • Agricultural production and supply chain management

  • Export and import industries

    • Risk Factors and Safety Implications

  • Aflatoxin exposure can lead to health problems, including liver damage and cancer

  • Non-compliance with regulatory standards can result in economic losses and reputation damage

    • Quality Assurance and Quality Control Aspects

  • Accurate testing methods and equipment

  • Calibrated instruments and trained personnel

  • Documented procedures and records

  • Continuous quality control measures

    • Contribution to Product Safety and Reliability

    The AOAC 991.31 testing method ensures that aflatoxin levels meet regulatory requirements, protecting public health and ensuring product safety.

    Competitive Advantages of Having this Testing Performed

  • Compliance with regulations

  • Enhanced customer trust and loyalty

  • Increased market access and competitiveness

    • Cost-Benefit Analysis of Performing this Test

    The benefits of performing the AOAC 991.31 testing method far outweigh the costs, considering the potential economic losses and reputation damage associated with non-compliance.

    The AOAC 991.31 testing method involves specific steps and procedures to ensure accurate and reliable results.

    Step-by-Step Explanation

    1. Sample preparation

    2. Extraction of aflatoxins from the sample

    3. Purification and concentration of aflatoxins

    4. Quantitation using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)

    5. Calculation of aflatoxin levels

    Instrumentation and Equipment

  • High-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC)

  • Automatic sampler

  • Data acquisition software

    • Reagents and Materials

  • Acetonitrile

  • Water

  • Buffers

  • Aflatoxin standards

    • Calibration and Verification

    Regular calibration and verification of instruments ensure accurate results.

    Quality Control Measures

    Continuous quality control measures are implemented to maintain instrument performance and personnel training.

    Test Conditions and Methodology Table

    Step Description Instrumentation/Equipment

    --- --- ---

    1. Sample preparation Weighing and homogenization of sample Balance, grinder/mixer

    2. Extraction of aflatoxins Use of acetonitrile/water mixture Vortex mixer, centrifuge

    3. Purification and concentration Use of solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge SPE system

    4. Quantitation using HPLC Separation and detection of aflatoxins HPLC system

    5. Calculation of aflatoxin levels Data analysis software Computer

    This comprehensive guide provides detailed information on the AOAC 991.31 testing method, standard requirements, and test conditions.

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